RAG Evaluation Is Broken! Here's Why (And How to Fix It) - Yuval Belfer and Niv Granot

Introduction to RAG Evaluation Issues 00:00

  • The video discusses the current state of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) evaluation, suggesting it is overhyped and not fully resolved.
  • Yuval and Niv from A21 labs outline the primary issues with RAG evaluations, focusing on the limitations of existing benchmarks.

Problems with Current Benchmarks 00:16

  • Existing benchmarks often rely on local questions with local answers, leading to unrealistic testing environments.
  • Some benchmarks, like Google's, create overly complex questions that do not reflect real-world scenarios.
  • Many benchmarks are either retrieval-only or generation-only, lacking a holistic approach to evaluate RAG systems effectively.

Flawed Benchmarking Cycle 02:11

  • There exists a vicious cycle where RAG systems are developed based on flawed benchmarks, leading to inflated performance claims.
  • High scores on these benchmarks do not translate to real-world effectiveness, causing discrepancies when tested with actual user data.

Examples of Problematic Questions 03:13

  • The presenters illustrate how RAG systems struggle with aggregative and counting questions in financial data or sports statistics.
  • They highlight the limitations of the systems when responding to complex queries that require synthesizing information from multiple sources.

Proposed Solutions for RAG Evaluation 05:24

  • The presenters suggest converting unstructured corpuses into a more organized data structure to handle complex queries more effectively.
  • They advocate for using SQL-like structures to process questions rather than relying on traditional RAG methods.

Implementation Strategy 06:35

  • The proposed method involves clustering documents into sub-corpuses and defining schemas for each, which enhances data retrieval efficiency.
  • The ingestion phase is critical, where the schema is populated for each document, allowing for better query responses.

Challenges and Limitations 08:13

  • Not all data sets can be easily structured into relational databases, and normalization of data is a significant challenge.
  • The presenters acknowledge that the approach may not solve all issues, particularly with complex queries or heterogeneous data.

Key Takeaways 09:58

  • RAG systems should be tailored to individual client needs rather than applying a one-size-fits-all approach.
  • Current evaluation benchmarks fail to capture the complexities of real-world applications, necessitating new evaluation frameworks for specific use cases.